PDCD1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: In the ‘CheckMate 040’ trial for the use of nivolumab (humanised anti-PD-1 antibody) in advanced HCC 20% of patients had an objective response (OR), and up to 64% of them achieved disease control (DC), compared to < 1%OR and 43%DC, respectively, with sorafenib as standard treatment [110, 119].