TP53 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: It was reported that responses to DNA damage include irreversible cell-cycle arrest [45], activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) [46,47,48,49], and overexpression of p53 [50], which can induce adipocyte differentiation and hypertrophy, can cause inflammation, and can impair glucose metabolism and promote the development of obesity, systemic insulin resistance, and diabetes [51,52].