Our observation of pro-invasive actions of RA in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells is in apparent contradiction with our previous finding that RA downregulated putative pro-invasive molecules such as i21VEGFR-1 and Notch-3, and upregulated putative anti-invasive molecules as miR-200c19,23,24. Here, NOTCH3 is linked to breast carcinoma.