To document this emerging field, most studies have been performed in vitro, but analysis of recombinant proteins is tricky for aggregation-prone RBPs such as fused in sarcoma (FUS) (Murakami et al., 2015; Patel et al., 2015) and transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP-43; also known as TARDBP) (Conicella et al., 2016), two mRNA-binding proteins that form insoluble cytoplasmic aggregates in major neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The gene discussed is FUS; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.