SCARF1 and infection: As mentioned previously, much of this work has utilised in vitro experimentation in cell lines ectopically expressing SCARF1; and, although these results are promising, their validation in primary cells which naturally express SCARF1, in more sophisticated multi-cellular in vitro models (e.g., organoids), or in murine models of infection is required to fully appreciate the role of SCARF1 in the innate immunity.