LDHA and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: It has been reported that LDHA was upregulated in clinical samples of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and that LDHA knockdown could inhibit cell growth and migration in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo by increasing cleavage of PARP and caspase 8 and downregulating cyclin D1 and activation of AKT50,51.