Median survival rate of patients with higher expression of caspase-4 in the tumor mass was three-fold decreased than patients with lower expression (0.92 vs 3.03 years) (Figure 5 and Table 6), implying that the levels of this protein in the tumor mass could represent not only a diagnostic tool but also a prognostic biomarker, opening new therapeutic perspective for NSCLC patients. The gene discussed is CASP4; the disease is neoplasm.