Healthy subjects, included in this study, did not have any altered clinical parameter (i.e. CRP, cholesterol, etc.), non chronic respiratory diseases (i.e. non-COPD, non-Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), non-tuberculosis) and were non-smokers, in that they could be considered non-pathological, healthy (H). The gene discussed is CRP; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.