PAX8 and thyroid cancer: ThyroSeq® v2, introduced in 2014 by CBL Path, is designed to identify malignant thyroid nodules by next generation sequencing (NGS), detecting 14 thyroid cancer-related genetic mutations, including RAS and BRAF mutations, 42 types of gene fusions associated with thyroid cancer, including PAX8/PPARγ and RET/PTC rearrangements, and mRNA expression levels for 16 genes; it is therefore considered a “rule-in” malignancy test (29).