Notably, our analyses identified acquired de novo mutations in RAS pathway genes in 4/62 primary- and in 6/29 paired secondary recipients, all of which occurred in genes known to be mutated in human KMT2A-R leukemia (Ptpn11, Cbl, Braf, Kras) and all but one mutation (CblA308T) occurred at amino acid positions known to be activating (Supplementary Fig. 6a-h and Supplementary Data 2)21–24. The gene discussed is PTPN11; the disease is leukemia.