CCN2 and pulmonary fibrosis: CTGF overexpression is reported in several distinct human diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, nephropathy/glomerulosclerosis, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), malignant melanoma and ovarian cancer [12–15] in association with progression of the disease and/or poor survival [10–14].