The studies have revealed that β3GnT8, as an upstream modulator in the CD147 signal transduction pathway [33], regulates glycosylation of CD147, and plays a critical role in tumor metastasis by inducing MMPs expression via Rac1-mediated PI3K/Akt/IKK-dependent IκB-α degradation and NF-κB activation, as well as MKK7/JNK-dependent AP-1 activation [30]. Here, RAC1 is linked to neoplasm.