VEGFA and neoplasm: This well-characterized platform can be applied to the BsAbs targeting other tumor markers, such as the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), EGFR, VEGF, and programed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), non-covalently bound to mPEGylated NCs that can be loaded with chemotherapeutic drugs including paclitaxel, irinotecan, rapamycin, etc.