Accordingly, we studied Nrf2 expression in surgically resected tumors and the preoperative maximum standard glucose uptake (SUVmax) on 18F-FDG-PET in UTUC patients and investigated the relationship between the expression levels of Nrf2 and the SUVmax in order to assess the roles of Nrf2 in this disease. This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and renal pelvis/ureter urothelial carcinoma.