MIF and lung carcinoma: In fact, in contrast to a paper reporting that low nuclear MIF expression correlated with a worse prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma [38], subsequent studies concordantly have shown that high MIF expression/levels correlates with poor patient survival in several types of cancer including, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [18, 39–44].