With regard to interaction between HLA-ligand alleles and KIR genes, subjects with acute viral encephalitis showed no significant difference in frequency of co-expression of any considered HLA and KIR, whereas subjects without acute viral encephalitis had a higher frequency of interaction between KIR2DL2 and HLA-C1 ( 50% vs. 16.6%; p = 0.028) (See Table 3). The gene discussed is KIR3DL1; the disease is viral encephalitis.