The International Mesothelioma Interest Group recommended the use of at least four immunohistochemical markers (two in favor of and two against MPM diagnosis), however, diagnostic approaches to differentiate malignant versus benign mesothelial lesions using known markers (e.g. desmin, p53, IMP3, GLUT-1, CD146, and CD147) have proven to be inadequate [2]. The gene discussed is DES; the disease is mesothelioma.