Interestingly, reports have shown the existence of cross talk between the TNFα‐NFkB signaling pathway and the coactivator Gadd45β (Kodama & Negishi, 2011; Tian et al., 2011), and strong staining of GADD45β has also been detected in multiple human cancer tissues (Hoffman & Liebermann, 2013). Here, TNF is linked to cancer.