AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Although HPGLs are difficult to distinguish from HCCs, there still exists several differences to assist doctors in distinguishing between them: about 90% of HCC patients have a history of HBV or HCV infection, but this was not common to HPGLs; serum AFP levels were elevated in about 70% of HCC patients, but was normal in HPGL patients; HPGL patients showed manifestations of catecholamine excess, including hypertension, headache, palpitations, diaphoresis, and hyperglycemia.