BNIP3 and systolic heart failure: BNIP3-associated mitochondrial death and mitophagy has been shown to cause LV remodeling post myocardial infarction, and targeting/inactive BNIP3 has been a tested rationale in restraining ischemic cardiomyocytes from apoptosis and in cardioprotection against systolic heart failure [13,69,70,71,72].