KEAP1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: In conclusion, our present study identifies the negative impact of the gemcitabine metabolic regulator dCK on the Keap1/NRF2/ARE axis and reveals that decreased dCK expression regulates ROS production and the intracellular redox status, which might contribute to gemcitabine resistance and regulate pancreatic cancer cell proliferation (Figure 6).