While these preliminary results of the profound effects of brief HF diet on the DA system are interpreted as insulin-mediated, framed in our previous studies on deficits of dopaminergic tone in hypoinsulinemic animals [5,7], they do not exclude the possibility of similar deficits in leptin signaling, consistent with the convergence of the two pathways on Akt [27,28]. Here, INS is linked to hydrops fetalis.