TERT and urinary bladder cancer: Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified common sequence variants that affect cancer risk (Gudmundsson et al., 2007), and sequence variants at the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)- cleft lip and palate transmembrane 1-like(CLPTM1L) locus of the human 5p15.33 chromosome are connected with various types of cancer, such as lung cancer, prostate cancer, and bladder cancer (Rafnar et al., 2009).