IFNG and hepatitis A virus infection: In order to verify the critical role of IFN-γ in mediating this resistance process, the IFN-γ receptor 1 (IFNGR1) found in CT26.WT cells was knocked down by transfection with lentiviral vectors (shRNA-IRFGR1) for 48 h; after which, the shRNA-IRFGR1-CT26 cells and control cells were injected into BALB/c mice (n = 10) with hepatitis (Supplementary Figs. 1A–D).