At the global protein level, the most overexpressed proteins (with respect to the reference sample) in the PCa samples were also highly overexpressed in the BPH group, including SPARC, metalloproteinases MMP2 and MMP9, ADAMTS13, MENT, COMP, SNED1, SLPI, and PCSK9. Here, PCSK9 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.