The possible immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D reported in several studies could explain its likely role in the prevention of PE.(1,2,28) Grossmann et al., showed that high-dose vitamin D supplementation was associated with a reduction in two inflammatory cytokines: interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha.(29)A large Scandinavian study with CF patients found a significant inverse correlation between 25(OH)D and immunoglobulin G.(17) Herscovitch et al., concluded that supplementation with vitamin D may be used to modulate the immune and inflammatory response in CF subjects. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and cystic fibrosis.