TNF and Acute hepatitis: There may also be a high risk of liver enzyme elevation during the first few months after discontinuing anti-TNF or other immunosuppressive therapies, due to immunologic flare as immune competence is restored and infected hepatocytes are rapidly destroyed [12, 34, 35] Therefore, we followed-up the liver function of HBsAg+ patients in both cohorts for 12 months after treatment discontinued; however, we observed no evidence of acute hepatitis flares.