The PAH-specific medication after AS and before discharge was changed in patients with syncope and PHCs to include the PDE-5-inhibitor, sildenafil, and the calcium-antagonist, amlodipine; none of the patients had been admitted with calcium-antagonist treatment; yet, after creation of the restrictive atrial communication, six were discharged home with additional long-acting amlodipine treatment (Table 2). Here, PDE5A is linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension.