TNF and arthritic joint disease: In another study, Ahmad et al. demonstrated that the administration of GSPE in mice with adjuvant-induced arthritis alleviated arthritis, and this was associated with an increase in Foxp3+ Tregs and decrease in Th17 and Th1 cells in peripheral blood and a decrease in IL-17A, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in the arthritic tissue [95].