Among single amino acid variants that were differentially associated with DHF, peptide variants NYADRRWCF and YILRDVSKK of NS5 protein of DENV serotype 2 were found to be significantly associated with DHF in our study (Table S1A in Supplementary Material) and they have also been reported to be recognized preferentially by CD8+ T lymphocytes of DHF patients in a previous study (28). Here, RAF1 is linked to Dengue hemorrhagic fever.