Gal-3 KO mice had significantly elevated (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001 by unpaired Student's t-test) levels of serum IgM, IgG2c, and IgG3 specific for dsDNA, Sm/RNP and histone, hallmarks of SLE, in comparison to WT mice (Fig. 5b–d). This evidence concerns the gene CD40LG and systemic lupus erythematosus.