The Sl2 and McCb alleles occur at high frequencies only in populations of African origin (Figure 2) (Thathy et al., 2005; Zimmerman et al., 2003; Moulds et al., 2004; Noumsi et al., 2011; Fitness et al., 2004; Covas et al., 2007; Gandhi et al., 2009; Yoon et al., 2013; Hansson et al., 2013; Kariuki et al., 2013; Eid et al., 2010), which, given the historical prevalence of the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium falciparum in sub-Saharan Africa, might suggest a possible survival advantage against malaria (Rowe et al., 1997; Rowe et al., 2000). This evidence concerns the gene MMP10 and malaria.