APC and Alzheimer disease: In our most recent investigation we provided ex vivo evidence demonstrating both ferrous iron and magnetite to be directly correlated with the presence of APC in cortical tissue from a transgenic mouse model of AD.46 However, the ability of Aβ to induce chemical reduction and biomineralisation of iron within human AD tissues is unproven, and the species of calcium and ferrous-rich iron phases associated with APC are not precisely described.