IL-17 serum concentration was significantly elevated in PV patients (36.41 ± 5.85 pg/ml) in comparison with that in healthy controls (11.76 ± 2.26 pg/ml, t = 23.385, P < 0.001, Figure 3(a)), while IL-10 serum concentration was reduced (8.64 ± 1.76 pg/ml versus 18.43 ± 2.65 pg/ml, t = −17.736, P < 0.001, Figure 3(b)). The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is acquired polycythemia vera.