In addition, in vivo experiments (Fig. 2e) revealed that 1) tumor formation rate of subcutaneous inoculation reduced from 100% to 50% after BMI1 silencing and 2) the average xenografted tumor size was dramatically smaller in the BMI1 knock-out group (5.3 mm3) than in the wild-type group (1986.7 mm3). Here, BMI1 is linked to neoplasm.