Among the main transcription factors responsible for the differentially expressed genes in ESCC, Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) was shown to have a central role in cell signaling pathways, while Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit 3 (PIK3R3) was characterized as a novel FOXM1 target. The gene discussed is PIK3R3; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.