MKI67 and neoplasm: Results from immunohistochemical analyses (Figure 6C) showed that the combination of Vismodegib and BEZ235 together or individually combined with cisplatin significantly decreased the expression levels of phosphorylated S6K (mTOR), c-MYC, and Ki-67, and increased levels of cleaved (activated) caspase 3, suggesting the combinations not only enhanced reduction in tumor growth and increased survival, but also targeted relevant associated pathways and downstream molecules in the xenografted tumors.