PTGS2 and breast carcinoma: In another study, it appeared that a natural phytocompound from rosemary, rosmarinic acid, inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation through reducing the COX-2 expression, AP-1 activation, and antagonized the ERK1/2 activation [166], while Wang et al. showed that rosmarinic acid suppresses interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the pathway of the NF-κB and thereby inhibits bone metastasis from breast carcinoma [167].