In another study, 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation in a rodent model showed that theaflavins reduced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) levels, which led to an anti-inflammatory effect79, and decreased NF-κB phosphorylation, thereby inhibiting tumour production76. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and neoplasm.