In the WNV encephalitis model described by Bai et al., neutrophils co-accumulated with T CD8+ lymphocytes and the migration of the later was partly dependent on CXCL1 and CXCL2, either because of their direct response to these chemokines or because of the cooperation and co-migration with neutrophils [27]. The gene discussed is CXCL1; the disease is encephalitis.