The demonstration that a transient increase of IL-1β during neuronal development may induce long-lasting neuronal network hyperactivity by delaying GABA switch opens unexpected scenarios: impairment of the GABA developmental switch is indeed an important feature of several neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Down syndrome, Rett syndrome, and ASD (Lemonnier et al., 2012; He et al., 2014; Tyzio et al., 2014; Deidda et al., 2015; Inui et al., 2017), for which an important risk factor is represented by prenatal inflammatory conditions (Tarnow-Mordi et al., 2005; Missault et al., 2014). Here, IL1B is linked to neurodevelopmental disorder.