IL1B and nervous system disorder: The occurrence of deleterious cytokine effects on the synapse structure has been reported in different non-neurological disorders associated to increases of IL-1β levels, like sepsis and obesity, where mice show memory impairment and reduced number of hippocampal and cortical excitatory synapses, through a mechanism fully prevented by the addition of IL-1ra (Erion et al., 2014; Moraes et al., 2015).