This is comparable to another study [19] in which the relative risk of infection for sheep carrying one or two copies of the TMEM154 risk haplotypes (haplotypes including E at position 35) varied from 1.27 to 5.30 between cohorts (populations with different breed background, age at sampling and seroprevalence) with an overall relative risk of 2.85. This evidence concerns the gene TMEM154 and infection.