It would also be interesting to determine whether polymorphisms in the α4 subunit gene, CHRNA4, similar to those associated with increased risk for developing AUDs [64] and major depression disorder [65], alter perception of stress in males and females and whether this effect is amplified when polymorphisms in the glucocorticoid receptor and/or dopamine receptor genes co-exist with CHRNA4 polymorphisms. Here, CHRNA4 is linked to major depressive disorder.