Of particular interest in this context, is a study that demonstrated that IPF patients with increased expression of cilia genes exhibited also increased MMP7 and MUC5B, as well as microscopic honeycombing but not myofibroblast foci on histological examination, suggesting that they represented a distinct IPF endophenotype (61) (Table 1 and see below). Here, MUC5B is linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.