ATG10 and hepatocellular carcinoma: In a HCV subreplicon cell model, we showed that human ATG10 (the long atg10 transcript) mediates Atg12-Atg5 conjugation in the early autophagosome formation and promoted replication of the HCV; while hATG10S (the short ATG10 transcript) significantly suppressed replication of the HCV subreplicon in HepG2 cells (a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line) (Zhao et al., 2017).