Western blot analysis (Supplementary Figures2A and2B) and immunostaining of MBP, a marker of axonal myelination (Figure 5), showed that the vehicle-treated NMO rats had visible demyelization at 1 week pi, the clinical peak stage of NMO, in the optic nerve and spinal cord (Figures 5(b), 5(g), and 5(l); Supplementary Figures2A and2B), compared to the control rats (Figures 5(a), 5(f), and 5(k); Supplementary Figures2A and2B), while the rats treated with C + A had remarkably reduced demyelination (Figures 5(c), 5(h), and 5(m); Supplementary Figures2A and2B). The gene discussed is MBP; the disease is neuromyelitis optica.