The molecular mechanism involving APS1-ameliorated hepatic steatosis including sirtuin (SIRT) 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 (PGC1), lipid synthesis factors (ACC, FAS) and fatty acid transporter FABP4 was investigated by immunoblot assay (Fig. 3d–f). The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is fatty liver disease.