As there is no effective therapy to treat CV injury and fibrosis associated with T2DM, DPP-4 inhibitor-mediated targeting of SDF-1α, to prevent its degradation and enhance stem cell mobilization from bone marrow and recruitment to peripheral tissue, may be an attractive strategy to enhance CV tissue repair [35, 38, 197–199]. Here, CXCL12 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.