Moreover, we found that VEGF mRNA expression level in the TAC + NS group was significantly decreased compared with that in the TAC + QSYQ group, whereas the VEGF mRNA expression level in the TAC + QSYQ group was significantly elevated, suggesting that treatment with QSYQ reversed the reduction in microvessel density induced by TAC (Figure 5I) (see Supplementary Material online, Figure S3). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and persistent truncus arteriosus.