In addition to CaV1, various channels, receptors and enzymes could be perturbed by CaM-based probes59–61, involving various physiological processes including membrane excitability, calcium dynamic, long-term potentiation or depression (LTP/LTD), synaptic transmission, CREB-dependent or other transcriptional signaling (MAPK/Erk, NFAT etc.), neural morphogenesis, cell cycles, cardiac hypertrophy and neural degeneration9,62–65. Here, CAV1 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.