Since PIM kinase isoforms are transcriptionally regulated by STAT and NFκB transcription factors, and both STAT and NFκB expression in CLL cells are associated with inferior prognosis, these proteins are likely inducers of PIMs in more advanced or chemoresistant CLL.45 Transcriptionally up‐regulated PIMs further potentiate disease aggressiveness via multiple mechanisms promoting tumour cell survival and growth. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and neoplasm.